Visual disability and blindness in old age

As people age their chances of developing eye diseases increases drastically.

The four most important causes of visual disability and blindness in old age are:

1. Cataract
2. Macular degeneration
3. Glaucoma
4. Diabetic retinopathy

Cataract

Cataract occurs when there is clouding of the lens and the lens becomes opaque impairing the vision. The disorder is painless bur progresses over time. In the beginning people often complain about glare when looking into bright light. Eventually it becomes more difficult to see objects sharp and clear ('visual acuity'). Colours may appear faded and more light is needed. If the cataract worsens, the cloudy lens can be removed and replaced with an artificial one.

Although treatable, Cataract is still one of the most common causes of blindness both world-wide and in the UK.